文章摘要
天然橡胶加工过程中磷迁移特征的研究
Study on Migration Characteristics of Phosphorus during NR Processing
投稿时间：2025-02-24  修订日期：2025-02-24
DOI：10.12136/j.issn.1000-890X.2025.06.0410
中文关键词: 天然橡胶  天然胶乳  乳清  干胶  磷迁移  水污染防治
英文关键词: NR  natural latex  serum  dry rubber  phosphorus migration  prevention and control of water pollution
基金项目:云南省农业基础研究联合专项（202301BD070001-068）
作者单位E-mail
崔祥华 1.云南省天然橡胶可持续利用研究重点实验室；2.云南省热带作物科学研究所 cuixh819@126.com 
祁龙 1.云南省天然橡胶可持续利用研究重点实验室；2.云南省热带作物科学研究所  
姜士宽 1.云南省天然橡胶可持续利用研究重点实验室；2.云南省热带作物科学研究所  
岩利 1.云南省天然橡胶可持续利用研究重点实验室；2.云南省热带作物科学研究所  
徐荣 1.云南省天然橡胶可持续利用研究重点实验室；2.云南省热带作物科学研究所  
张桂梅* 1.云南省天然橡胶可持续利用研究重点实验室；2.云南省热带作物科学研究所 zgm1027@163.com 
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中文摘要:
      以天然胶乳为原料，通过研究干胶含量、氨含量、胶乳凝固pH值、凝胶存放时间等工艺条件对迁移至乳清和干胶中磷含量的影响，分析天然橡胶（NR）加工过程中磷迁移的规律。结果表明：在NR加工过程中，磷元素大部分迁移至乳清中，少部分存留于干胶中；在胶乳凝固pH值为4.5～4.7时，乳清中磷迁移率逐渐升高至最高，其后随着胶乳凝固pH值升高，乳清中磷迁移率逐渐降低；干胶中磷迁移率在胶乳凝固pH值为4.8时最高，其他胶乳凝固pH值时较低；氨含量对干胶中磷迁移率变化影响较大且呈正相关；凝胶存放10 d后，其存放时间与乳清中总磷含量和有效磷含量以及干胶中磷含量呈负相关。综合分析NR加工条件，通过添加少量氨、提高干胶含量、增大胶乳凝固pH值，可最大程度地减小乳清中磷迁移率，这为NR加工厂改进工艺条件和减少废水中磷含量提供有效支撑。
英文摘要:
      Using natural latex as raw material，this study analyzed the migration rules of the phosphorus during natural rubber（NR） processing by investigating the effects of process conditions such as dry rubber content，ammonia content，latex coagulation pH value and coagulum storage time on the phosphorus migration into serum and dry rubber.The results showed that，during NR processing，most of the phosphorus element migrated into the serum，while a small portion remained in the dry rubber.When the latex coagulation pH value was adjusted from 4.5 to 4.7，the phosphorus migration rate in serum reached the highest，and then with the increase of latex coagulation pH value，the phosphorus migration rate in serum gradually decreased.The phosphorus migration rate in dry rubber was the highest at latex coagulation pH value of 4.8，and it was lower at other latex coagulation pH values.The influence of the ammonia content on the phosphorus migration rate in dry rubber was significant and positively correlated.After 10 d of coagulum storage，the coagulum storage time was negatively correlated with the total phosphorus and available phosphorus contents in serum.Through comprehensive analysis of NR processing conditions，the phosphorus migration rate in serum could be minimized to the greatest extent possible by adding a small amount of ammonia，raising dry rubber content and increasing coagulation pH value.This provided effective support for NR processing factories to improve process conditions and reduce phosphorus content in wastewater.
Author NameAffiliationE-mail
CUI Xinghua 1.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree；2.Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops cuixh819@126.com 
QI Long 1.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree；2.Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops  
JIANG Shikuan 1.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree；2.Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops  
YAN Li 1.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree；2.Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops  
XU Rong 1.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree；2.Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops  
ZHANG Guimei 1.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree；2.Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops zgm1027@163.com 
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