| 云研77-4橡胶树冬旱季割胶胶乳成分与生胶性能研究 |
| Compositions of Latex and Properties of Raw Rubber for Yunyan 77-4 Rubber Trees Tapped during Winter and Dry Season |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-10 修订日期：2024-10-10 |
| DOI：10.12136/j.issn.1000-890X.2025.09.0666 |
| 中文关键词: 云研77-4橡胶树 冬旱季割胶 胶乳成分 生胶性能 |
| 英文关键词: Yunyan 77-4 rubber tree winter and dry season tapping composition of latex property of raw rubber |
| 基金项目:云南省现代农业橡胶产业技术体系建设专项（2022KJTX008）；云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设项目（RF2022）；云南省乡村振兴科技专项（202204BP090028） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 云研77-4橡胶树为速生、抗寒三倍体无性系橡胶树品种，在常规割胶夏秋季节的较高气温下容易出现排胶不畅的问题。以10龄和19龄云研77-4橡胶树为对象，采取乙烯利刺激割胶和不刺激割胶两种方式，研究冬旱季（9月至次年4月）割胶胶乳成分和生胶性能，并与常规季节割胶胶乳和生胶对比。结果表明：冬旱季割胶胶乳的干胶含量随割胶时间变化先减小后增大，胶乳的氮和锰含量、生胶的灰分含量先增大后减小；乙烯利刺激割胶会减小胶乳的干胶含量、生胶的塑性初值（P0）和门尼粘度，增大胶乳的氮和铜含量；橡胶树龄对胶乳成分和生胶性能的影响大于乙烯利刺激，19龄橡胶树胶乳的干胶含量、生胶的P0及门尼粘度大于10龄橡胶树，且19龄橡胶树冬旱季割胶胶乳成分和生胶性能变化幅度较小。对于在较高温度下容易出现排胶障碍的抗寒三倍体无性系橡胶树品种，冬旱季割胶可能会成为一种新的割胶方法。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Yunyan 77-4 rubber tree was fast-growing and cold resistant triploid clonal rubber tree variety，which was prone to exhibit obstacles of latex flow under high tempertures in the regular tapping reason of summer and autumn.Taking 10-year-old and 19-year-old Yunyan 77-4 rubber trees as objects，the two tapping methods of Ethephon stimulation and non Ethephon stimulation were adopted to study the compositions of latex and the properties of raw rubber tapped during the winter and dry season（September to April of the next year），and compared with latex and raw rubber tapped during the regular season.The results showed that，the dry rubber content of latex tapped during the winter and dry season decreased first and then increased with tapping time change，while the nitrogen and manganese contents of latex and ash content of raw rubber increased first and then decreased.Ethephon stimulation tapping could decrease the dry rubber content of latex，initial plasticity value（P0） and Mooney viscosity of raw rubber，but increase the nitrogen and copper contents of latex.The effect of tree age on the compositions of latex and properties of raw rubber was greater than those of Ethephon stimulation.The dry rubber content of latex and P0 and Mooney viscosity of raw rubber from 19-year-old trees were greater than those from 10-year-old trees.The compositions of latex and the properties of raw rubber tapped during the winter and dry season from the 19-year-old trees had relatively small viaration.For cold resistance triploid clonal rubber tree variety that was prone to exhibit obstacles of latex flow under higher temperatures，the winter and dry season tapping may become a new tapping method. |
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