| 天然胶乳薄膜与木棉纤维/聚酯纤维非织造布吸声复合材料的制备与性能研究 |
| Preparation and Properties of Natural Rubber Latex Film and Kapok Fiber/Polyester Fiber Nonwoven Fabric Sound Absorbing Compositesing Materials |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-01 修订日期：2023-03-01 |
| DOI：10.12136/j.issn.1000-890X.2024.11.0803 |
| 中文关键词: 天然胶乳薄膜 木棉纤维 聚酯纤维 非织造布 复合材料 吸声性能 力学性能 |
| 英文关键词: natural rubber latex film kapok fiber polyester fiber nonwoven fabric composite sound absorption property mechanical property |
| 基金项目:云南省科技人才与平台计划项目（202205AD160111）；湖北省科技厅科技计划项目（2021BLB253） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 天然胶乳薄膜具有独特的粘弹性和阻尼特性，木棉纤维具有大中空的独特结构，两者均可作为吸声材料基材。通过将木棉纤维与中空聚酯纤维混合后采用针刺加固工艺制成非织造布，然后直接与天然胶乳薄膜复合，制备天然胶乳薄膜与木棉纤维/聚酯纤维非织造布吸声复合材料，研究天然胶乳薄膜层数、复合材料面密度、木棉纤维/聚酯纤维质量比、复合材料孔径等对复合材料吸声性能的影响并分析复合材料的力学性能。结果表明：在天然胶乳薄膜层数为2、复合材料面密度为1 215.72 g·m-2、木棉纤维/聚酯纤维质量比为6/4、复合材料孔径为109.5 μm时，天然胶乳薄膜与木棉纤维/聚酯纤维非织造布吸声复合材料的综合性能最优，最大吸声系数可达到0.8；与天然胶乳薄膜复合可弥补木棉纤维/聚酯纤维非织造布在低频率区域吸声效果的不足，有效拓宽复合材料的吸声频带，拓展其应用领域。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Natural rubber latex film had unique viscoelastic and damping properties，while kapok fiber had a unique structure with large hollow spaces，both of them could be used as sound absorbing material substrates.Kapok fiber was mixed with hollow polyester fiber，and the nonwoven fabric was made by acupuncture reinforcement technology，then directly compounding natural rubber latex film，the natural rubber latex film and kapok fiber/polyester fiber nonwoven fabric sound absorbing composites were prepared.The effects of the number of natural rubber latex film layers，the surface density of the composites，kapok fiber/polyester fiber mass ratio and the pore size of the composites on the sound absorption properties of the composites were studied，and the mechanical properties of the composites were analyzed.The results showed that，the comprehensive performance of the natural rubber latex film and kapok fiber/polyester fiber nonwoven fabric sound absorbing composites was the best and the maximum sound absorption coefficient reach 0.8 under the conditions of 2 layers of natural rubber latex film，1 215.72 g·m-2 of surface density of the composites，6/4 of kapok fiber/polyester fiber mass ratio，and 109.5 μm of pore size of the composites.The compounding of natural rubber latex film could make up for the lack of the sound absorption effect of kapok fiber/polyester fiber nonwoven fabric in low frequency area，effectively broaden the sound absorption bands of the composites，and improve their application fields. |
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