| 电动汽车轮胎的发展现状与设计思路 |
| Development Status and Design Ideas of Electric Vehicle Tires |
| 投稿时间：2019-05-23 修订日期：2019-05-23 |
| DOI：10.12136/j.issn.1000-890X.2019.12.0883 |
| 中文关键词: 电动汽车轮胎 滚动阻力 抗湿滑性能 噪声 轻量化 溶聚丁苯橡胶 天然橡胶 白炭黑 |
| 英文关键词: electric vehicle tire rolling resistance wet skid resistance noise lightweight SSBR NR silica |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 电动汽车是未来汽车的发展趋势，开发电动汽车轮胎迫在眉睫。电动汽车轮胎要求充气压力大，滚动阻力和
噪声低，抗湿滑性能好，质量小。对滚动阻力C级以上的轮胎分析得出，低滚动阻力轮胎具有质量较小，胎面胶硬度低、
定伸应力大、60 ℃时的损耗因子较小的特点。对抗湿滑性能B级以上的轮胎分析得出，轮胎抗湿滑性能与质量相关性不
大，胎面胶生胶应采用纯溶聚丁苯橡胶（SSBR）或其与少量天然橡胶（NR）的并用胶，并保证稍高的填充油用量。从力学
分析、结构设计、配方设计分析得出，在不损失胎面胶抗湿滑性能的同时降低滚动阻力是电动汽车轮胎开发的关键，方法
有开发合适的胎面花纹，减小轮胎质量，胎面胶采用分子链末端改性SSBR或其与NR的并用胶为生胶，采用白炭黑/硅烷
偶联剂为主要补强剂，胎面胶混炼采用恒温混炼工艺，骨架材料采用芳纶帘线等新型的骨架材料等。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Electric vehicles are the development trend of the vehicles in the future，and so it is urgent
to develop electric vehicle tires. Electric vehicle tires require high internal pressure，low rolling resistance，
low noise，good wet skid resistance and light tire weight. By analyzing the tires with rolling resistance above
class C，it was found that the tires of low rolling resistance were featured with light weight，low hardness，
high stress at definite elongation，and small tanδ at 60 ℃. By the analysis of the tires with wet skid resistance
above class B，it was concluded that the correlation between wet skid resistance and tire weight was little，
and in the tread compound，pure solution styrene-butadiene rubber（SSBR） or its blend with a small amount
of natural rubber（NR） should be selected as the raw rubber material and the level of extending oil should
be slightly higher. Based on the analysis of mechanical properties，structural design，and compound design，
it was identified that the key problem to develop electric vehicle tires was to reduce the rolling resistance
without losing wet skid resistance，and the methods to solve that were to design appropriate tread patterns，
reduce tire weight，adopt SSBR with modified chain-ends or its blend with NR as raw rubber，use silane
coupling agent modified silica as main filler，use constant temperature mixing process for tread compound，
and apply new skeleton material such as aramid cord. |
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