短纤维对橡胶发泡复合材料增强机理的细观分析

 林 桂1， 张建春2，  张秀娟1， 徐槟阳1， 李广宇3， 张立群1

（1.北京化工大学 材料科学与工程学院, 北京  100029；2.中国人民解放军后勤士兵系统研究中心, 北京100088；3.核工业二九五大队胶辊厂，福建 龙岩  350001）

摘要：分别制备未增强的橡胶发泡体、未处理短纤维增强的橡胶发泡体和预处理短纤维增强的橡胶发泡体，考察气体泡孔和短纤维在橡胶发泡复合体中的微观形态，细观分析短纤维对橡胶发泡复合材料拉伸行为和压缩行为过程各阶段的增强机理。结果表明：气体泡孔在3种发泡复合材料基体中分布均匀，模压工艺使得短纤维在基体中呈现为平面分布，未处理短纤维周围有气泡包围，而预处理短纤维与橡胶间粘合良好；短纤维能有效地提高发泡复合材料在初始阶段的拉伸模量和100％定伸应力，特别是预处理短纤维表面与橡胶之间具有良好的粘合，有利于传递应力，限制橡胶基体的变形，而对拉伸强度却影响不大。在压缩弹性阶段，由于主要承载的泡壁中纤维呈平面取向，短纤维对压缩模量影响不大，但能有效地限制橡胶发泡复合材料在后屈曲阶段的压缩变形，提高其在高应变下的压缩强度，预处理短纤维增强效果明显高于未处理短纤维。

关键词：短纤维；橡胶发泡复合材料；拉伸；压缩；增强机理

中图分类号：TQ332.6；TQ340.656；TQ330.1+5   文献标识码：A   文章编号：1000-890X(2004)01-0005-09

 

Study on reinforcement mechanism of short fiber/rubber foam composite

LIN Gui1,ZHANG Jian-chun2,ZHANG Xiu-juan1,XU Bin-yang1,LI Guang-yu3,ZHANG Li-qun1

(1.Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing  100029,China;2.Qartermaster Research Institute of General Logistics Department,CPLA,Beijing  100088,China;3.No.295 Rubber Roll Factory,Longyan  350001,China)

Abstract:The rubber foam composites without short  fiber (RF),reinforced by untreated short fiber (USRF) or  pretreated fiber (TSRF) were prepared by mold foam technique.The morphology of cell and short fiber in each composite and the reinforcement mechanism of short fiber in the composite during  tensile and compression processes were investigated.The results showed that the cells distributed uniformly in the matrixes of all three  composites;the compression molding technique made the short fiber distribute planaryly in the matrix;the short fiber could improve the tensile  modulus of composite at the first stage and the modulus at 100% elongation,and had little effect on tensile strength;the untreated fiber was surrounded with many cells,but the pretreated fiber bonded well to the rubber matrix,which was beneficial to transfer the  stress and confine the deformation in rubber matrix;the short fibers,whether pretreated or not,had little effect on the compressive modulus at the compressive elasticity stage because they were planaryly oriented in the cell walls which were the main  loading elements;and the short fiber,especially the pretreated short  fiber greatly restricted the distortion at the high compressive strain stage resulting in higher compressive strength.

Keywords:short fiber;rubber foam composite;tensile;compression;reinforcement  mechanism

　

　

　

纳米氢氧化镁/橡胶复合材料的性能研究

张 琦1，胡伟康1，田 明1，张 鹏2，童玉清1，张立群1

(1.北京化工大学 教育部可控化学反应重点试验室，北京100029；2.解放军307医院 工程部，北京100039)

摘要：以纳米氢氧化镁粉体为分散相研究对象，制备纳米氢氧化镁/NBR、纳米氢氧化镁/EPDM、纳米氢氧化镁/SBR和纳米氢氧化镁/硅橡胶4种复合材料，研究其物理性能和阻燃性能。结果表明，纳米氢氧化镁赋予复合材料良好“无卤”阻燃性能的同时，具有优异的补强效果；纳米氢氧化镁粉体分散度越高，与基体的界面作用越强，复合材料的物理性能越好；纳米氢氧化镁对NBR补强效果最好，对硅橡胶的补强效果最差。对纳米氢氧化镁粉体进行表面处理，可提高其在EPDM中的分散度，增大其与橡胶间的界面作用力，从而显著提高EPDM复合材料的物理性能。

关键词：纳米氢氧化镁；橡胶；界面；分散；阻燃性能

中图分类号：TQ333；TQ330.38+3；TQ330.1+5   文献标识码：A   文章编号：1000-890X(2004)01-0014-06

 

Properties of nanomagnesium hydroxide/rubber composite

ZHANG Qi1,HU Wei-kang1,TIAN Ming1,ZHANG Peng2,TONG Yu-qing1,ZHANG Li-qun1

(1.Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing  100029,China;2.No.307 Hospital of CPLA,Beijing  100039,China)

Abstract:The nanomagnesium hydroxide/NBR,nanomagnesium hydroxide/SBR and nanomagnesium hydroxide/EPDM and nanomagnesium hydroxide/silicone rubber composites were prepared,and their physical properties and flameretardance were investigated.The results showed that the magnesium hydroxide gave the composites good halogenfree flameretardance combined with the excellent reinforcement efficiency;the higher the dispersity of nanomagnesium hydroxide powder,the stronger the interfacial action between nanomagnesium hydroxide powder and rubber matrix,and the better the physical  properties of composite;in terms of reinforcement  efficiency,the nanomagnesium hydroxide was the best for NBR and the poorest for silicone  rubber.The dispersity of  nanomagnesium hydroxide powder in EPDM and the interfacial action improved by the surface modification of powder,thus the physical properties of  the composite improved.

Keywords:nanomagnesium hydroxide;rubber;interface;dispersion;flameretardance

　

　

　

硫化体系对NBR/PCMO共混物性能的影响

彭 璐1，陈运熙1，王克山2，孙冬梅2

（1．北京橡胶工业研究设计院，北京100039；2.黑龙江鸡西恒立工程塑料厂，黑龙江 鸡西158149）

摘要：研究不同硫化体系对NBR/氯化聚醚（PCMO）共混物性能的影响。试验结果表明，低硫高促硫化体系共混物硫化胶的耐热空气老化性能较好，复合硫化体系共混物硫化胶的压缩永久变形性能最佳；过氧化物硫化体系中硫化剂DCP用量为35份，甲基丙烯酸锌［Zn(MMA)2］/DCP硫化体系中Zn(MMA)2用量为10份、硫化剂DCP用量为25份时，共混物的综合性能最佳。

关键词：NBR；氯化聚醚；硫化体系；物理性能；压缩永久变形；耐热空气老化性能

中图分类号：TQ333.7；TQ333.96    文献标识码：B   文章编号：1000-890X(2004)01-0020-04

 

Effect of curing system on properties of NBR/PCMO blend

  PENG Lu1,CHEN Yun-xi1,WANG Ke-shan2,SUN Dong-me i2

(1.Beijing Research and Design Institute of Rubber Industry,Beijing 100039,China;2.Heilongjiang Jixi Hengli Engineering Plastics  Factory,Jixi  158149,China)

Abstract:The effect of different curing systems on the properties of NBR/PCMO blend was investigated.The results showed that the low sulfurhigh accelerator curing systems resulted in the NBR/PCMO vulcanizates with better hot air aging properties and the complex curing systems gave the  vulcanizates the optimum compression set;and the vulcanizate with the best comprehensive properties was obtained when 3.5 phr DCP in peroxide curing system or 10 phr Zn(MMA)2 and 2.5 phr DCP in Zn(MMA)2/DCP complex curing system were used.

Keywords:NBR;PCMO;curing system;compression set;hot air aging